Manot Cave (Area D, Biogenic Unit)
Basic information
Sample name: Manot Cave (Area D, Biogenic Unit)
Reference: M. Orbach and R. Yeshurun. 2019. The hunters or the hunters: Human and hyena prey choice divergence in the Late Pleistocene Levant. Journal of Human Evolution x:1-18 [ER 3071]
Geography
Country: Israel
Coordinate: 33° 2' N, 35° 12' E
Coordinate basis: based on nearby landmark
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Max Ma: 0.046
Min Ma: 0.033
Age basis: zone
Geography comments: "a large karstic cave located in Western Galilee"
coordinate based on Manot Cave
"early Upper Paleolithic... The stratigraphic sequence of the cave covers the EUP, 46-33 thousand years cal. BP" but no directly relevant dates are mentioned, so this is apparently based on correlation
coordinate based on Manot Cave
"early Upper Paleolithic... The stratigraphic sequence of the cave covers the EUP, 46-33 thousand years cal. BP" but no directly relevant dates are mentioned, so this is apparently based on correlation
Environment
Substrate: ground surface
Lithology: limestone
Taphonomic context: carnivore accumulation,cave
Habitat comments: "karstic... the bone assemblage was created mainly by hyenas"
Methods
Life forms: carnivores,ungulates,other small mammals,birds,lizards,snakes,turtles
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 494 specimens
Years: 2011, 2012, 2015
Sampling comments: "The cave was discovered in 2008 and has been excavated since 2010" and selected samples were collected in 2011, 2012, and 2015
Metadata
Sample number: 3344
Contributor: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2019-08-25 16:39:50
Modified: 2019-08-25 10:47:27
Abundance distribution
18 species
5 singletons
total count 494
geometric series index: 28.1
Fisher's α: 3.665
geometric series k: 0.7456
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7970
Shannon's H: 1.9456
Good's u: 0.9899
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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| †Bos primigenius | 11 | |
| Dama dama mesopotamica | 147 | 62 kg |
| "Dama mesopotamica" | ||
| Cervus elaphus | 10 | 104 kg |
| Sus scrofa | 3 | 54 kg herbivore |
| Capra sp. | 1 | |
| Equus sp. | 9 | |
| Gazella gazella | 146 | 21 kg |
| Capreolus capreolus | 4 | 22 kg browser |
| Crocuta crocuta | 14 | 66 kg carnivore |
| Panthera leo | 1 | 147 kg carnivore |
| Felis lybica | 3 | |
| "Felis sylvestris" | ||
| Canis lupus | 1 | 43 kg carnivore |
| Vulpes vulpes | 10 | 5.3 kg carnivore-insectivore |
| Lepus capensis | 1 | |
| Testudo graeca | 37 | |
| Pseudopus apodus | 1 | |
| "Ophisaurus apodus" | ||
| Serpentes indet. | 49 | |
| Aves indet. | 46 | |
| three size classes | ||